vector-borne zoonotic disease, spread by mosquitoes, Culex, often found in horses; birds and pigs are reservoirs

Ratio of the probability of an event occurring in the exposed group versus the probability of the event occurring in the non-exposed group

vector-borne zoonotic disease, spread by ticks, can be found in humans, rabbits, hares, and rodents. Also oral infections are common after consumption (or handling) of infected...

Any person, animal, arthropod, plant, soil, or substance (or combination of these) in which an infectious agent normally lives and multiplies, on which it depends primarily for...

Single cases without a specific temporal pattern, but also without geographical pattern or other associations.

The number of infections produced, on average, by one infectious case in the early stages of an epidemic when herd immunity is low or zero and virtually all individuals in the...

A group of people/animals/food stuff in the population with a higher-than expected risk for developing a particular disease/harbouring the hazard, which may be defined on a...

One Health is an approach to designing and implementing programmes, policies, legislation and research in which multiple sectors communicate and work together to achieve better...

of animals (usually vertebrates) that can naturally be transmitted to humans

The habitat in which an infectious agent normally lives, grows and multiplies; reservoirs include human reservoirs, animals reservoirs, and environmental reservoirs.

Term not used in this sector

Infections that are rapidly increasing in incidence or geographic range.

Define/characterise an isolate

Perfect reference standard, i.e. sensitivity and specificity 100%

To describe the distribution of an exposure or outcome, without seeking to explain the distribution by looking for associations.

Strategy based on the selection of a random sample from a subpopulation (or more frequently from subpopulations) of a population on which the data are reported. The...

Number of new cases or outbreaks of a disease that occur in a population at risk in a particular geographical area within a defined time interval.

An infection that is normally limited to one species or group but sporadic cases in other groups may be seen. For example spill over infection of bat-rabies can cause sporadic...

A variant of an incident rate, applied to a narrowly defined population observed for a limited period of time, such as during an epidemic.

vector-borne zoonotic disease, spread by ticks, can be found in humans, dogs, horses and rodents and birds can be reservoirs